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During a facial, what is the primary purpose of applying a toner?

  1. To deeply cleanse

  2. To remove make-up

  3. To restore pH balance

  4. To moisturize

The correct answer is: To restore pH balance

The primary purpose of applying a toner during a facial is to restore pH balance to the skin. After cleansing, the skin's natural pH can be disrupted, particularly with the use of alkaline cleansers. Toners help to bring the skin back to its optimal pH level, which typically ranges around 4.5 to 5.5 for healthy skin. This restoration is crucial as it prepares the skin to better absorb subsequent products, like serums and moisturizers, enhancing their effectiveness. Using a toner can also help to tighten pores and remove any residual impurities that may remain after cleansing, but its primary role focuses on maintaining the skin's natural acidity, which is essential for overall skin health. While toners may have some hydrating effects, they are not intended to serve primarily as moisturizers, and they do not provide a deep cleansing effect.